Clipper



No. 621,674. Patented Mar. 2|, |899. E. s. HoTcHKlss.

CLIPPEB.

(Application led May 2, 1898.

'quo Model.)

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UNTTED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

EDNVARD S. HOTCHKISS, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

CLIPPER.

SPECI-FlCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 621,674, dated March.Q1-,51899.

Application filed May 2, 1898. Serial No. 679,446. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWARD S. HoToHKIss, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bridgeport, county of Fairfield, and State of v Connecticut,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Clippers, fullydescribed and represented in the following specication and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improvedconstruction of clipper.

The invention relates especially7 to improvements by which a toilethair-clipper is provided that is simple in construction while easy andefficient in operation and so arranged that adjustment of the parts isconvenient and that the clipper may readily be assembled anddisassembled for ren ewal of parts or other purposes.

As a full understanding of the invention can best be given by a detaileddescription of a construction embodying the same, such a descriptionwill now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings, showinga toilet hair-clipper embodying all the features of the invention in thepreferred form and a modified construction, and .the features formingthe invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In said drawings, Figure l is a plan View of 'the clipper in itspreferred form. Fig.` 2 is a side view of the same with-the handlesbroken away. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is asection on the line 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 ofFig. 4. Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a sectionsimilar to Fig. 3, showing a modified construction embodying certainfeatures of the invention.

Referring now to the construction shown in plate, so as to hold thishandle against turning on the pressure-bolt F, which in the constructionnow being described passes freely through asleeve 10, projectingupwardly from the body of the stationary handle C, and is screwed downinto the bottom comb-plate A. The movable handle D is provided with theusual operating-arm 11, carrying a stud which enters the usual slot inthe top of the movable comb-plate B for moving the latter, and the usualguide or stop pins 12, carried by the cap E and passing through slots inthe rear edge of the movable plate and holes in the bottom plate A, areshown, the cap thus being held in proper position on the bottom plate.The body ofthe movable handle D is preferably milled out on the underside, as

shown, to form a circular groove, the inner wall of which forms a sleeve13, inclosing the stationary sleeve 10, and thus forming a long bearingfor the movable handle, and within the groove formed partially in thebody porv stationary part of the construction, preferably to thestationary handle, as shown, the ends of the spring being simply passedthrough openings in the .respective handles or otherwise securedthereto, as usual in this class of constructions. It will be understood,however, that it is not essential to the present invention that thespring be inclosed, although this is preferable. Vhen thet'wo handlesare assembled with the stationary plate, therefore, the sleeve 13incloses the sleeve l0 and the latter forms a bearing for the movablehandle and the two handles are secured to the bottom stationary plate Aby the pressure-bolt F, which in the construction now being described isscrewed into the plate A until the fixed collar 2 on the pressure-boltis seated upon the top of the sleeve 10 of the stationary handle, thissleeve l0 projecting slightly above the movable handle, so as to avoidpressure of the collar 2 upon-the movable handle and permit the latterto move freely. These parts are then held firmly together by thepressure-bolt F, and the twisting of the handle C upon the bottom plateis IOO prevented by studs 1 passing through the openings in the latteron the opposite sides of the pressure-bolt.

In the construction shown, in which the opening in the plate 13 for thestud on operating-arm 11 is closed at the rear, the movable comb-plate Bis put in place before the handles are thus secured to the stationaryplate A; but if this opening extends through the rear edge of the plateB,as is also common, it will be understood that the movable plate B maybe slipped into place after the handles and bottom plate are thusassembled.

The cap E rests upon bearing-surfaceslll, formed on the stationaryhandle rearward of the pressure-bolt F, so as to secure the requiredleverage for the pressure of its front Aedge upon the top of the movablecomb-plate B, an antifriction ball-bearing device being preferablyemployed, which ball-bearing device will be fully described hereinafterand formsapart of the presentinvention,although it will be understoodthat other features of the invention may be employed with the front edgeof the cap E bearing directly upon the top of the comb-plate B or withan antifriction-bearin g of any other suitable form. The cap E ispressed downward, so as to secure the desired spring-pressure upon themovable comb-plate B, by a spring-washer nut upon the upper end of thepressure-bolt F, which may be of any suitable form. I have devised,however, an improved spring-washer nut, which is preferably used. Inthis nut construction the bearing-piece 15, or lower part of the nut,moves freely up and down on the screw portion of the bolt F above thecap E, and between the bearing-piece l5 and the nut proper,16,above itis inserted a spring-washer 3, the nut 16 pressing against the upperside of the spring-washer 3, so as to secure the spring-pressuredesired. I preferably usea hub on the nut bearing on the washer and seatthe washer within a recess in the top of the bearing-piece l5, as shown;but these features may be omitted. The upper edge of the bearing-piece15 and the lower edge of the rim of nut 16 are provided with flanges 4,projecting, respectively, outwardly and inwardly from the portions onwhich they are formed, so as to overlap and thus hold the two parts ofthe spring-washer nut together, while at `the same time permittingmovement of the parts on each other longitudinally of the pressure-boltF. This construction provides a very simple and efficient spring-washerpressure-nut construction, in which there are no loose parts to bedisplaced or lost.

In the construction now being described, in which the pressure-boltholds the handles on the stationary plate independently of the pressureof the cap, I preferably provide the cap E with a downwardly-projectinghub 5 on its under side, having an angular opening which fits'over acorresponding angular collar 6 on the pressure-bolt F, so that by theseating of this hub upon the, collar G the bolt is held positivelyagainst rotation as the friction-nut is turned down and the proper adjustment of the parts assured. It will be seen that in this constructionthe single bolt F secures all the parts together and forms thepressure-bolt, and this bolt passes through the bearing of the movablehandle, so that the latter oscillates about it. A very efficient anddurable construction is thus secured and the assembling anddisassembling of the parts is convenient. i

Referring now to the ball-bearin g construction, which is preferablyused, the cap E is pro-- vided on the under side of its forward orpressure edg'e with a groove or channel c, extending longitudinally ofthe comb-plates--that is, in the line of movement of the movablecomb-plate-this channel preferably being formed by thickening the edgeof the cap suitably and milling the channel through the edge. Thischannel is open on its under side and receives a ball-carriage 17,provided on its under side with pins 7, enteringholes in the top of themovable comb-plate B, so that the ball-carriage 17 moves with thecomb-plate B. This ball-carriage 17 is provided with end blocks 8 and acenter block 9, which form'between them runways for the balls I), theserunways extending in the line of movement of the movable comb-plate andbeing of such length as to secure the proper action of the balls h asthe carriage moves in the channel of the cap with the movablecomb-plate.

The ball-carriage 17 is preferably secured to the cap E, so as to form asingle part therewith for convenience in assemblingand disassembling ofall parts and especially to avoid misplacement or loss of the balls. Isecure this result, while at the same time permitting the free movementof the ball-carriage 17 in the channel of the cap, by providing a groovein the center block 9 of the carriage, which is entered by a screw c',which is tapped through the rear wall of the channel in the cap, so thatthis screw holds the ball-carriage 17 and the balls b in the cap whenthe latter is removed. The ball-carriage and balls may be readilydetached from the cap by removing the screw c. It will be seen that inthis construction the bottom plate of the ball-carriage 17 forms abearing-plate which supports the pressure of the cap E, transmittedthrough the balls h, so that there Ais no wear upon the top of themovable comb-plate B, with the result that in case of wear on account ofthe ball action the movable comb-plate need not be renewed, but it isnecessary only to renew the ball-carriage 17- or its bottom plate. Theball-carriage 17, movin gin the groove or channel e, also serves toguide the comb-plate in `its movement, the blocks S 9 forming withgroove or channel c a guiding tongue-andgroove connection between themovable comb- Aplate and the pressure-plate formed by the edge of thecap E. This feature of a guiding tongue-and-groove connection between aclipper pressure-plate and the movable comb- ICO IIO

plate may be used without balls or other antifriction-bearings, and isthus claimed.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a construction employing a modified arrangementof the pressure-bolt and other parts of the construction. Thisconstruction is the same as previously described except that thepressure-bolt F is passed upward through the bottom plate A and sleevel0, being provided with a head seated in a recess in the under side ofthe bottom plate A, and the handles are secured together and to thebottom plateAby anut 19, screwed downward upon the pressure-bolt F,which is screw-threaded inside the capE for this purpose, this nut I9thus performing the functions of the collar 2 on the pressure-bolt F ofthe construction previously described.

In both constructions shown in the drawings and above described it willlbe seen that the stationary handle is pressed upon the stationary plateAby the cap E pressing upon the bearing-surfaces 14. This is notabsolutely essential in these constructions, in which the handles areheld upon the stationary plate by means independent of the pressure-cap;but in such constructions in which the handles are held upon thestationary plate independently of the pressure-cap the latter may bearranged to bear upon any other suitable tixed part of the clipper. Inconstructions in which the pressure-cap bears upon the stationaryhandle, as in the constructions shown, the parts may be held together bythe single bolt F acting through the pressurecap, and while it ispreferablel to employ a collar or nut on the bolt F, by which themovable and stationary handles are held on the stationary comb-plateindependently of the pressure-cap, as in the constructions shown, andthis feature forms an important part of the invention, it is possible toomit this feature and secure fairly good results, the pressure' of thecap E on the surfaces 14 of the stationary handle then holding the partstogether, and the invention includes certain combinations in suchconstructions. If the collar or nut on bolt F be thus omitted, it willbe understood that the cap E will not press upon the hub portion of thestationary handle, but will be separated from it a short distance, so asto permit the movable handle to move freely, but prevent the movablehandle from working upward during operation.

i It will be understood that other modifications maybe made in theconstructions shown -without departing from the invention as defined bythe claims, and I am not'to be limited to the exact form or arrangementof any of the parts in the constructions illustrated.

Vhat I claim isl. The combination with the stationary and movablecomb-plates of a clipper, of a stationary handle separate from thestationary plate, a movable handle, a pressure-cap separate from thestationary handle, a pressurebolt about which the movable handleoscillates and forming the sole means by which all are held on thestationary comb-plate by the` bolt independently of the cap,substantially as described.

3. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationary handle, a movable handle, a pressurecap, a boltabout which the body portion of the movable handle oscillates, meanswherebythe movable handle is held on the stationary comb-plate by thebolt independently of vthe cap, and a pressure-nut for said cap on saidbolt, substantially as described.

4. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates ot' aclipper, of a stationary handle separatefrom the stationary comb-plate,a movable handle, a pressure-cap, a bolt about which the body portion ofthe movable handle oscillates, means whereby the stationary and movablehandles are held on "the stationary comb-plate by the bolt independentlyof the cap, and a pressure-nut for said cap onV said bolt, substantiallyas described.

5. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationaryhandle, a movable handle, a pressure-cap,

IOD

a pressure-bolt, and means whereby the stationary and movable handlesare held on the stationary plate by the bolt independently of thepressure-cap, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the stationary andA movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationary handle, a movable handle, a bolt passingthrough the stationary handle and having its lower end threaded to screwinto the stationary comb-plate and having a collar by which thestationary and movable handles are held' on the stationary comb-plate, apressure-cap, and means for applying pressure to said cap, substantiallyas described.

7. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationary handle, a movable handle, a pressurecap, a bolthaving its lower end threaded to screw into the stationary comb-plateand about which the body portion ot' the movable handle oscillates, acollar on said bolt to bear on the body portion of the stationaryhandle,

and a pressure-nut on said bolt above said collar to bear on thepressure-cap, substantially as described.

IIO

.8. The combination with the stationary and l 4 vsanear-.i

movable comb-platesof a clipper, of a movable handle having its bodyportion provided with a sleeve 13 extending downwardly from its bodyportion, a stationary handle separate from the stationary comb-plate andhaving its body portion provided with a sleeve 10 extending upwardlyfrom its body portion and within and forming a bearing for the sleeve13,whereby the movable handle maybe drawn upwardly oft the stationaryhandle, an operating-spring coiled about the sleeve 13, a presof saidsleeves being arranged within the other,whereby one ot the sleeves formsa bearing for the other and the movable handle may be drawn upwardly offthe stationary handle, an operating-spring coiled about said sleeves,a'pressure-cap separate from the stationary handle, a bolt passing fromthe stationary comb-plate through said sleeves,and by which thestationary and movable handles are held on the stationary comb-plate,and a pressurenut on said bolt to bear on the pressure-cap,

substantially 4as described.

10. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a movable handle having itsbody portion provided With asleeve, a stationary handle separate from the stationary comb-plate andhaving its body portion provided with a sleeve, one of said sleevesforming a bearing for the other, an operating-spring coiled about saidsleeves, a pressure-cap, a bolt passing from the stationary platethrough said sleeves, means for holding the stationary and movablehandles on the stationary plate by said bolt independently of thepressurecap,and a pressure-nut on said bolt to bear on the pressurecap,substantially as described.

11. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationary handle, a movable handle, a pressure-cap, abolt passing through said pressurecap and screwed into a stationary partof the clipper, and a pressure-nut on said bolt outside the cap, saidpressure-cap and bolt being formed to engage and hold the bolt by thecap to prevent the bolt turning when the cap is in position,substantially as described.

12. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a stationary handle, a movable handle, a pressure-cap, abolt having its lower end threaded to screw into thestationaryco1nb-plate,a collar 2 on said bolt to bear on the stationaryhandle, an angular collar 6 on said bolt, a pressure-nut on said boltabove said collars to bear on the pressure-cap, and an angular openingin the under side of the cap into which the angular collar 6 extends toprevent the bolt turning when the cap is in position, substantially asdescribed.

13. The combination with the movable comb-plate and pressure-plate of aclipper, of a ball-bearing device having a guidingtongue rigid with oneof said plates and entering a groove inthe other plate, said tonguebeing formed in sections longitudinally, and antifrictional'balls insaid groove between the sections of the tongue, substantially asdescribed.

14. The combination with the movable comb-plate and pressure-plate of aclipper, of a tongue detachably secured to and moving with thecomb-plate and moving in a guiding-groove in the pressure-plate,substantially as described.

15. A pressure-capfor a clipper having a ball-carriage carried by butmovably secured thereto and adapted to move with the movable comb-plateof the clipper, and antifriction-balls between the cap and the carriage,substantially as described.

1G. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a pressure-cap, a ball-carriage carried by but movablysecured to the cap in position to engage and movewith the movablecomb-plate, and antifriction-balls between the cap and the carriage,substantially as described.

17. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a pressure-cap having a channel extending 1ongitudinally ofthe movable comb-plate, antifriction-balls in said channel through whichpressure is transmitted from the cap to the movable comb-plate, and aremovable part carried by the cap for retaining said balls in saidchannel, substantially as described.

18. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a pressure-cap having a channel extending longitudinally ofthe movable comb-plate, a ballcarriage extending into said channelbetween the side walls thereof and moving with the movable comb-plate,and antifriction-balls between the cap and the carriage in said channel,substantially as described.

19. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a lpressure-plate having a channel extending longitudinallyof the movable comb-plate, a ball-carriage secured to the plate to slidein said channel, and antifriction-balls between IOO TIO

the plate and the carriage in said channel,

substantially as described.

20. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a pressure-plat-e having a channel extending` longitudinallyof the movable comb-plate, a

ball-carriage detachably secured to the plate f ,to slide in saidchannel, and antifriction-balls between the plate' and the carriage insaid channel, substantially as described.

y2l. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates of aclipper, of a pressure-plate having a channel e extending longitudinallyof the movable comb-plate, a

' ball-carriage 17 extending into said channel and engaging the movablecomb-plate and having end blocks 8 and a centerblock 9,antifriction-balls in said channel between the end blocks 8 and thecenter block 9 of the carriage, and a screw c extending into anelongated openingv in the block 9 for securing the carriage in saidchannel, substantially as described.

22. The combination with the stationary and movable comb-plates ofaclipper, of a 'means for securing the carriage to the plate,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in thepresence oftwofsubscribing 3o Y Witnesses. v

EDWARD S. HOTCHKISS.

Witnesses: ALFRED B. BEERS, CARL FOSTER.

